What this checks
This reads five response headers from your live page and reports which are set: Strict-Transport-Security, Content-Security-Policy, X-Content-Type-Options, X-Frame-Options and Referrer-Policy. HSTS is weighted highest because it is the one whose absence has a direct exploit. Alongside it we look for mixed content, resources requested over plain http from an https page, and forms that submit over http, which exposes whatever is typed into them.